MUHAMMAD SAIR ALI, J.---Through this appeal appellant has assailed order, dated 20-10-1999, passed by the learned Customs, Excise and Sales Tax Appellate Tribunal, Lahore, dismissing appellants Appeal No,317-LB of 1999. Appellant is a private company limited per shares, i,e,, Atlas Tyres (Pvt.) Limited, engaged in manufacture of tyres and tubes for cars and motorcycles and other vehicles etc.
2. Facts giving rise to the present appeal are that upon resumption of private record by staff of Intelligence and Investigation (Customs, Excise and Sales Tax), Lahore, on their visit to appellant's premises, show-cause notice, dated 29-8-1998 was served by Additional Collector-II on the appellant. In the said show-cause notice it was claimed by the Department that upon scrutiny of resumed records, it was found that appellant had not accounted for 13731 tyres and tubes valuing Rs,1,18,38,3763 (bearing excisable value of Rs,90,76,975) were cleared during April, 1992 to February, 1996, without payment of duty of Rs,90,76,697 and the said duty was thus recoverable. Appellant was purportedly charged for evading Central Excis, Duty valuing Rs,9,07,697.50 for the above-said period and for contravening the law and the rules. Reply was filed by the appellant. Through Order- in-Original No,15 of 1999, dated 12-1-1999, Additional Collector (Adjudication), found the appellant to have contravened provisions of section 3, 4(1) of Central Excise Act, 1944 and Rules 7, 9, 52, 52(a), 53, 53(a), 53(b), 198, 226, 236, 238, 224 and 246 of the Central Excise Rules, 1944, and appellant was ordered to deposit Central Excise Duty amounting to Rs,9,07,697.50, alongwith Additional Duty and penalty of twice the amount of duty imposed upon the appellant. Appeal of the appellant before the Collector (Appeals) was dismissed vide order, dated 21-6-1999, where against an appeal was filed before the learned Customs, Excise and Sales Tax Appellate Tribunal, who also rejected the appeal through its judgment, dated 20-10-1999. Hence the present further appeal.
3. We have heard the learned counsel for the parties. The principal argument raised by the learned counsel for the appellant is that the show-cause notice was beyond the period of limitation and was also without jurisdiction as the. Notifying Authority failed to specify the rule or the law under which the show-cause notice was served and if it is presumed to be under rule 10 of the Central Excise Rules, 1994, it was mandatory to specify the sub-rule and to particularize the reason in terms of the sub-rule for determination and applicability of the relevant sub-rule of rule 10 and the period of limitation prescribed thereunder. It was further argued by the learned counsel for the appellant that it was not considered by the learned Appellate Tribunal that it was the consignment of rejected tyres, which was cleared by the appellant during notice period of April, 1992 to February, 1996 as the said tyres, when originally cleared were duly accounted for and duty was paid thereupon.
4. The above contentions were opposed by the learned counsel for. The Department by stating that vires of the show-cause were challenged for the first time in the present appeal and that the impugned orders has been validly passed against the appellant.
5. Having considered the submissions of the learned counsel for the parties, we find substance in the arguments of the learned counsel for the appellant that in the show-cause notice neither the applicable law nor the relevant rules/sub-rules or the reason thereof had been specified or particularized by the notifying Additional Collector-II, Paragraphs 2 and 3 of the show-cause notice, dated 29-8-1998 being relevant, are ,reproduced hereunder:--
2. Now therefore, on the basis of facts stated above, it has been alleged that Messrs Atlas Tyres (Pvt.) Ltd. Sheikhupura, have evaded Central Excise Duty amounting to Rs,20,76,975 on their clearances made during the period April 1992 and February '1996 valuing at Rs,9,07,697.
3. On the basis of facts as reported above Messrs Atlas Tyres (Pvt.) Ltd. 32-K-M, Lahore Sheikhupura Raod, Sheikhupura are charged with the contravention of the aforesaid law and Rules and are called upon to show-cause as to why the Central Excise duty amounting to Rs,9,07,697.50 should not be recovered from them under rules 7, 9, 52-A, 53, 53-A, 53-E, 198, 226, 236, 238, 244 and 246 of the Central Excise Rules, 1944 read with sections 3, 4(I) of the Central Excises Act, 1944.
Bare reading of the above quoted paras of show-cause notice demonstrates that the appellant has been charged for evasion of Central Excise Duty amounting to Rs,9,07,697.50 upon clearance of some consignment of tyres during April, 1992 to February, 1996 and "For contravention of aforesaid law and rules." Despite alleging contravention of certain law and rules prospectively referred to as "aforesaid law and rules," the show-cause notice does not at all state, particularize or specify, the law and rules for the purported violation of which the show-cause notice was served on the, appellant. Similarly, although appellant was charged for evasion of Central Excise Duty yet the particular reasons and/or basis of such evasion was not specified by the Notifying Authority to determine the applicable Rule and the period of limitation thereto. The show-cause notice is thus obviously too vague, to unspecific and too general to make identification of the applicable law, and Rule (s) possible and to bring the case against the appellant within the specific reasons and the period of limitation prescribed therein.
6. The learned counsel for the department has canvassed that the applicable provisions in the present case are contained in sub-rules (1), (2) and (3) of Rule 10 of Central Excise Rules, 1994.
There is no doubt that show-cause notice for non-levy and or short-levy of Excuse Duty can be served upon a defaulting party by the Department under above referred sub-rules of Rule 10 ibid. However, bare reading whereof makes it clear that show-cause notice has to specify the reason(s) for non-levy and short-levy of the duty and such notice can only be served within the period of limitation given in the applicable sub-rule (s) that to with reference to reason specified therein.
Sub-rule (1) of Rule 10 can only be invoked for service of a show-cause notice for the reasons of "inadvertence, error or misconstruction," leading to non-levy, short-levy or erroneous refund of duty and such show-cause notice can be served within one year of the relevant date. Under sub-rule
(2) of Rule 10 ibid, a show-cause notice can be issued "Within three years of the relevant date," if non-levy or short-levy of duty is caused due to misdeclaration, false information or collusion.
Similarly, sub-rule (3) of Rule 10 ibid can be resorted to through a show-cause notice within ten years of the relevant date for non-levy or short-levy of duty occurring for reasons of "any false document, counterfeit seal or impression, fraud or any other heinous offence."
7. To put it more succinctly show-cause notice can only be served under Rue 10 ibid, if;--
(a) Any duty or charge has not been levied or has been short levied or has been erroneously refunded;
(b) Such non-levy, short levy or erroneous refund has been caused by any of the reasons cumulatively stated in sub-rules (1), (2) and (3) of rule 10 ibid, which cumulatively reproduced are:- Sub-rule (1): (i) Inadvertence; (ii) Error; (iii) Misconstruction; Sub-rule (2) (iv) Misdeclaration; (v) False information; (vi) Collusion; Sub-rule (3) (vii) False document (viii) Counterfeit seal or impression (ix) Fraud; and (x) Any other heinous offence.
(c) Such show-cause notice is within the period of limitation prescribed in each sub-rule with reference to applicable reason of non-levy or short-levy etc. The inescapable conclusion thereto is that mere non-levy, short-levy or erroneous refund of duty or charge cannot become the basis for show-cause notice. Instead a show-cause notice must be founded upon non- evy, short-levy or erroneous refund of duty or charge occasioned/caused by any of the above reasons to be within the scope and period of limitation separately prescribed in each sub-rule of Rule 10 ibid. In absence of any of the three pre-conditions/ingredients, show- cause notice will be rendered illegal and without competence.
8. In the present case show-cause notice alleges against the appellant evasion of duty yet patently omits to state anyone of the ten reasons respectively prescribed in sub-rules (1), (2) and
(3) .Of said Rule 10 ibid. However, tenor of the Order in Original shows that the learned Adjudicating Authority/Additional Collector presumed appellant's case to fall in sub-rules (2) and (3) of Rule 10 because she proceeded to impose a penalty upon the appellant apart from directing payment of Excise Duty alongwith Additional Duty. In the absence of a particular allegation or charge in the show-cause notice against the appellant for having non-paid or shot-paid duty owing to misdeclaration, false information or collusion or by reasonsof false document, counterfeit seal, fraud or heinous offence, such presumption is obviously erroneous and could not have been drawn by the Adjudicating Authority against the appellant, since particular reasons were conspicuously and patently missing from the show-cause notice, Adjudicating Authority lacked jurisdiction to imply applicability of sub-rules (2) and (3) of Rule10 to the case of the appellant.
9. The Honourable Supreme Court of Pakistan in the case of `Assistant Collector Customs and others v. Messrs Khyber Electric Lamps and others" (2001 SCMR 838), was pleased to pronounce the law in the matters of similar show-cause notices prescribed under section 32 of the Customs Act (IV of 1969), as under:- "Show-cause notices under subsections (2) and (3) of section 32 of the Act are two distinct and separate types of notices and different ground and different period for service of notice in each subsection has been prescribed. Under subsection (2) for non-levy, short levy or erroneous refund, specific allegations of any collusion between the assessee and the Customs Staff has to be levelled with proper particulars in the show-cause notice which has to be served within three years of the relevant date whereas under subsection (3) if non-levy, short levy or erroneous refund is done due to inadvertence, error or misconstruction then show-cause notice to the importer has to be served within six months of the non-short levy. If such specific particulars are not stated in the notice, the notice would be vague and would not be in consonance with the requirement of subsections (2) and (3) of section32 of the Act".
Further that:-- "The show-cause notices, dated 16-5-1995 and 29-8-1995 in Civil Appeals No,1360 and 1361 of 1997 do not speak that respondents made the declaration/statement knowingly or having reason to believe that they were untrue/false in any particular..And respondents were directed to deposit the short-levied amount within 7 days. It has not been alleged in the show-cause notices that the respondents knowingly or having reason to believe that documents which were false in any material particular, were filed. It is necessary under subsection (1) of section 32 of the Act to show that the declarant had the knowledge or had the reason to believe that declaration or statement made by him was untrue/false and in absence of such allegation notice would be vague and would not be in accordance with law. Similarly, notice under subsection (2) of section 32 of the Act must contain the allegation of collusiveness and notice under subsection (3) of section 32 of the Act should speak of inadvertence, error or misconstruction and without such allegations the notices would be defective and against law."
10. In the case of "Ibrahim Textile Mills Ltd. v. Federation of Pakistan and others" (PLD 1989 Lahore 47) 'notices issued to exporters by Custom Authorities under section 32 (1). And (2) of Customs Act (IV of 1969) for short levied and short paid custom duties were struck down for absence of particular allegations of collusion, false declaration or - inadvertence etc. Following observations of the Court in this judgment are quoted hereunder:-- "The said orders do not touch the conditions precedent required for the exercise of the powers vesting in the Assistant Collector under subsection (2) of section 32 of the Customs Act,. 1969, namely, (a) whether the petitioners had made or caused to be -made or delivered or caused to be delivered any declarations or statements knowing or having reason to believe that such documents or statements were false in any material particulars or (b) whether the petitioners by reason of some collusion had connived at any duty or charge being short levied The impugned orders having been passed on no material and on erroneous construction of the law, require to be set asideThe orders in instance have been passed on material which do not make out the conditions precedent on the basis of which they could have been passed."
11. In view of the above discussion, it is held that show-cause notice served upon the appellant by the Notifying Authority was patently illegal and without lawful authority. As such, all orders based thereupon are liable to be set aside.
12. Since show-cause notice was patently illegal jurisdiction and without lawful authority, we are of the opinion that the question of validity of this show-cause notice was a pure question of law going to the root of the matter. As such there was no bar upon the appellant to raise the question qua legal fundamentals of the show-cause notice in the present appeal. Reliance for this proposition is made upon the following precedents:-- "Haji Abdullah Khan and others v. Nisar Muhammad Khan and 'others" (PLD 1965 SC 690); "Gatron (Industries) Limited v. Government of Pakistan and others" (1999 SCMR 1072); "Commissioner of Income Tax v. .Abdul Majeed" (2000 PTD 359); "Province of Sindh through Secretary, Public Works Department, Government of Sindh, Karachi and 6 others v. Messrs Royal Contractors" (1996 CLC 1205).
12. In view of foregoing observations, we accept this appeal with costs and set-aside the impugned orders as well as show-cause notice, dated 29-8-1998.